NAME

fnmatch — match filename or pathname using shell glob rules

LIBRARY

Standard C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS

#include <fnmatch.h>

int
fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);

DESCRIPTION

The fnmatch() function matches patterns according to the globbing rules used by the shell. It checks the string specified by the string argument to see if it matches the pattern specified by the pattern argument.

The flags argument modifies the interpretation of pattern and string. The value of flags is the bitwise inclusive OR of any of the following constants, which are defined in the include file fnmatch.h.

FNM_NOESCAPE

Normally, every occurrence of a backslash (‘\’) followed by a character in pattern is replaced by that character. This is done to negate any special meaning for the character. If the FNM_NOESCAPE flag is set, a backslash character is treated as an ordinary character.

FNM_PATHNAME

Slash characters in string must be explicitly matched by slashes in pattern. If this flag is not set, then slashes are treated as regular characters.

FNM_PERIOD

Leading periods in strings match periods in patterns. The definition of ``leading'' is related to the specification of FNM_PATHNAME. A period is always ``leading'' if it is the first character in string. Additionally, if FNM_PATHNAME is set, a period is ``leading'' if it immediately follows a slash.

FNM_LEADING_DIR

Ignore “/*” rest after successful pattern matching.

FNM_CASEFOLD

The pattern is matched in a case-insensitive fashion.

RETURN VALUES

The fnmatch() function returns zero if string matches the pattern specified by pattern, otherwise, it returns the value FNM_NOMATCH.

SEE ALSO

sh(1), glob(3), regex(3), glob(7)

STANDARDS

The fnmatch() function conforms to IEEE Std 1003.2-1992 (“POSIX.2”). The FNM_CASEFOLD flag is a NetBSD extension.

HISTORY

The fnmatch() function first appeared in 4.4BSD.

BUGS

The pattern ‘*’ matches the empty string, even if FNM_PATHNAME is specified.