NAME

zyd — ZyDAS ZD1211/ZD1211B USB IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device

SYNOPSIS

zyd* at uhub? port ?

DESCRIPTION

The zyd driver provides support for wireless network adapters based around the ZyDAS ZD1211 and ZD1211B USB chips.

These are the modes the zyd driver can operate in:

BSS mode

Also known as infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default.

monitor mode

In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points.

zyd supports software WEP. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It can be typically configured in one of three modes: no encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption. Unfortunately, due to serious weaknesses in WEP protocol it is strongly recommended that it not be used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication. WEP is not enabled by default.

CONFIGURATION

The zyd driver can be configured at runtime with ifconfig(8) or on boot with ifconfig.if(5) using the following parameters:

bssid bssid

Set the desired BSSID.

-bssid

Unset the desired BSSID. The interface will automatically select a BSSID in this mode, which is the default.

chan n

Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on the given channel ID n.

-chan

Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver. The driver will automatically select a channel in this mode, which is the default.

media media

The zyd driver supports the following media types:

autoselect

Enable autoselection of the media type and options.

DS1

Set 802.11b DS 1Mbps operation.

DS2

Set 802.11b DS 2Mbps operation.

DS5

Set 802.11b DS 5.5Mbps operation.

DS11

Set 802.11b DS 11Mbps operation.

mediaopt opts

The zyd driver supports the following media options:

ibss

Select Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) operation.

-mediaopt opts

Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the default mode of operation (BSS).

nwid id

Set the network ID. The id can either be any text string up to 32 characters in length, or a series of hexadecimal digits up to 64 digits. An empty id string allows the interface to connect to any available access points. By default the zyd driver uses an empty string. Note that network ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).

-nwid

Set the network ID to the empty string to allow the interface to connect to any available access point.

nwkey key

Enable WEP encryption using the specified key. The key can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal digits (preceded by ‘0x’), or a set of keys of the form “n:k1,k2,k3,k4”, where ‘n’ specifies which of the keys will be used for transmitted packets, and the four keys, “k1” through “k4”, are configured as WEP keys. If a set of keys is specified, a comma (‘,’) within the key must be escaped with a backslash. Note that if multiple keys are used, their order must be the same within the network. zyd is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters or 10 hexadecimal digits) or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal digits) keys.

-nwkey

Disable WEP encryption. This is the default mode of operation.

HARDWARE

The following devices are known to be supported by the zyd driver:

3COM 3CRUSB10075

Acer WLAN-G-US1

Airlink+ AWLL3025

Airlink 101 AWLL3026

AOpen 802.11g WL54

Asus A9T integrated wirless

Asus WL-159g

Belkin F5D7050 v.4000

Billion BiPAC 3011G

Buffalo WLI-U2-KG54L

CC&C WL-2203B

DrayTek Vigor 550

Edimax EW-7317UG

Edimax EW-7317LDG

Fiberline Networks WL-43OU

iNexQ UR055g

Linksys WUSBF54G

Longshine LCS-8131G3

MSI US54SE

Philips SNU5600

Planet WL-U356

Planex GW-US54GZ

Planex GW-US54GZL

Planex GW-US54Mini

Safecom SWMULZ-5400

Sagem XG 760A

Sagem XG 76NA

Sandberg Wireless G54 USB

Sitecom WL-113

SMC SMCWUSB-G

Sweex wireless USB 54 Mbps

Tekram/Siemens USB adapter

Telegent TG54USB

Trendnet TEW-424UB

Trendnet TEW-429UB

TwinMOS G240

US Robotics 5423

X-Micro XWL-11GUZX

Yakumo QuickWLAN USB

Zonet ZEW2501

ZyXEL ZyAIR G-220

FILES

The adapter needs some firmware files, which are loaded on demand by the driver when a device is attached:

/libdata/firmware/zyd/zyd-zd1211

/libdata/firmware/zyd/zyd-zd1211b

See firmload(9) for how to change this.

EXAMPLES

The following ifconfig.if(5) example configures zyd0 to join whatever network is available on boot, using WEP key “0x1deadbeef1”, channel 11:

inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11

Configure zyd0 for WEP, using hex key “0x1deadbeef1”:

# ifconfig zyd0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1

Return zyd0 to its default settings:

# ifconfig zyd0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \ 
	nwid "" -nwkey

Join an existing BSS network, “my_net”:

# ifconfig zyd0 192.168.0.2 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net

DIAGNOSTICS

zyd%d: could not read firmware file %s (error=%d)

For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware file from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted.

zyd%d: could not load firmware (error=%d)

An error occurred while attempting to upload the firmware to the onboard microcontroller unit.

zyd%d: could not send command (error=%s)

An attempt to send a command to the firmware failed.

zyd%d: sorry, radio %s is not supported yet

Support for the specified radio chip is not yet implemented in the driver. The device will not attach.

zyd%d: device version mismatch: 0x%x (only >= 43.30 supported)

Early revisions of the ZD1211 chipset are not supported by this driver. The device will not attach.

zyd%d: device timeout

A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.

SEE ALSO

arp(4), ifmedia(4), intro(4), netintro(4), usb(4), ifconfig.if(5), ifconfig(8), firmload(9)

AUTHORS

The zyd driver was written by Florian Stoehr <ich@florian-stoehr.de>, Damien Bergamini <damien@openbsd.org>, and Jonathan Gray <jsg@openbsd.org>.

CAVEATS

The zyd driver does not support a lot of the functionality available in the hardware. More work is required to properly support the IBSS and power management features.