NAME

SYNOPSIS

void
siginit(struct proc *p);

void
sigactsinit(struct proc *pp, int share);

void
sigactsunshare(struct proc *p);

void
sigactsfree(struct proc *p);

void
execsigs(struct proc *p);

int
sigaction1(struct lwp *l, int signum, const struct sigaction *nsa, struct sigaction *osa, void *tramp, int vers);

int
sigprocmask1(struct lwp *l, int how, const sigset_t *nss, sigset_t *oss);

void
sigpending1(struct lwp *l, sigset_t *ss);

int
sigsuspend1(struct lwp *l, const sigset_t *ss);

int
sigaltstack1(struct lwp *l, const struct sigaltstack *nss, struct sigaltstack *oss);

void
pgsignal(struct pgrp *pgrp, int signum, int checkctty);

void
kpgsignal(struct pgrp *pgrp, ksiginfo_t *ks, void *data, int checkctty);

void
psignal(struct proc *p, int signum);

void
kpsignal(struct proc *p, ksiginfo_t *ks, void *data);

int
issignal(struct lwp *l);

void
postsig(int signum);

void
killproc(struct proc *p, const char *why);

void
sigexit(struct lwp *l, int signum);

void
trapsignal(struct lwp *l, const ksiginfo_t *ks);

void
sendsig(const ksiginfo_t *ks, const sigset_t *mask);

DESCRIPTION

Signal numbers used throughout the kernel signal facilities should always be within the range of [1-NSIG].

Most of the kernel's signal infrastructure is implemented in machine-independent code. Machine-dependent code provides support for invoking a process's signal handler, restoring context when the signal handler returns, generating signals when hardware traps occur, triggering the delivery of signals when a process is about to return from the kernel to userspace.

The signal state for a process is contained in struct sigctx. This includes the list of signals with delivery pending, information about the signal handler stack, the signal mask, and the address of the signal trampoline.

The registered signal handlers for a process are recorded in struct sigacts. This structure may be shared by multiple processes.

The kernel's signal facilities are implemented by the following functions:

siginit(p)

This function initializes the signal state of proc0 to the system default. This signal state is then inherited by init(8) when it is started by the kernel.

sigactsinit(pp, share)

This function creates an initial struct sigacts for the process pp. If the share argument is non-zero, then pp shares the struct sigacts by holding a reference. Otherwise, pp receives a new struct sigacts which is copied from the parent.

sigactsunshare(p)

This function causes the process p to no longer share its struct sigacts The current state of the signal actions is maintained in the new copy.

sigactsfree(p)

This function decrements the reference count on the struct sigacts of process p. If the reference count reaches zero, the struct sigacts is freed.

execsigs(p)

This function is used to reset the signal state of the process p to the system defaults when the process execs a new program image.

sigaction1(l, signum, nsa, osa, tramp, vers)

This function implements the sigaction(2) system call. The tramp and vers arguments provide support for userspace signal trampolines. Trampoline version 0 is reserved for the legacy kernel-provided signal trampoline; tramp must be NULL in this case. Otherwise, vers specifies the ABI of the trampoline specified by tramp. The signal trampoline ABI is machine-dependent, and must be coordinated with the sendsig() function.

sigprocmask1(l, how, nss, oss)

This function implements the sigprocmask(2) system call.

sigpending1(l, ss)

This function implements the sigpending(2) system call.

sigsuspend1(l, ss)

This function implements the sigsuspend(2) system call.

sigaltstack1(l, nss, oss)

This function implements the sigaltstack(2) system call.

pgsignal(pgrp, signum, checkctty)

This is a wrapper function for kpgsignal() which is described below.

kpgsignal(pgrp, ks, data, checkctty)

Schedule the signal ks->ksi_signo to be delivered to all members of the process group pgrp. If checkctty is non-zero, the signal is only sent to processes which have a controlling terminal. The data argument and the complete signal scheduling semantics are described in the kpsignal() function below.

trapsignal(l, ks)

Sends the signal ks->ksi_signo caused by a hardware trap to the current process.

psignal(p, signum)

This is a wrapper function for kpsignal() which is described below.

kpsignal(p, ks, data)

Schedule the signal ks->ksi_signo to be delivered to the process p. The data argument, if not NULL, points to the file descriptor data that caused the signal to be generated in the SIGIO case.

With a few exceptions noted below, the target process signal disposition is updated and is marked as runnable, so further handling of the signal is done in the context of the target process after a context switch; see issignal() below. Note that kpsignal() does not by itself cause a context switch to happen.

The target process is not marked as runnable in the following cases:

• The target process is sleeping uninterruptibly. The signal will be noticed when the process returns from the system call or trap.
• The target process is currently ignoring the signal.
• If a stop signal is sent to a sleeping process that takes the default action (see sigaction(2)), the process is stopped without awakening it.
• SIGCONT restarts a stopped process (or puts them back to sleep) regardless of the signal action (e.g., blocked or ignored).

If the target process is being traced, kpsignal() behaves as if the target process were taking the default action for signum. This allows the tracing process to be notified of the signal.

issignal(l)

This function determines which signal, if any, is to be posted to the current process. A signal is to be posted if:

• The signal has a handler provided by the program image.
• The signal should cause the process to dump core and/or terminate.
• The signal should interrupt the current system call.

Signals which cause the process to be stopped are handled within issignal() directly.

issignal() should be called by machine-dependent code when returning to userspace from a system call or other trap or interrupt by using the following code:

while (signum = CURSIG(curproc)) 
	postsig(signum);

postsig(signum)

The postsig() function is used to invoke the action for the signal signum in the current process. If the default action of a signal is to terminate the process, and the signal does not have a registered handler, the process exits using sigexit(), dumping a core image if necessary.

killproc(p, why)

This function sends a SIGKILL signal to the specified process. The message provided by why is sent to the system log and is also displayed on the process's controlling terminal.

sigexit(l, signum)

This function forces the current process to exit with the signal signum, generating a core file if appropriate. No checks are made for masked or caught signals; the process always exits.

sendsig(ks, mask)

This function is provided by machine-dependent code, and is used to invoke a signal handler for the current process. sendsig() must prepare the registers and stack of the current process to invoke the signal handler stored in the process's struct sigacts. This may include switching to an alternate signal stack specified by the process. The previous register, stack, and signal state are stored in a ucontext_t, which is then copied out to the user's stack.

The registers and stack must be set up to invoke the signal handler as follows:

(*handler)(int signum, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx)

where signum is the signal number, info contains additional signal specific information when SA_SIGINFO is specified when setting up the signal handler. ctx is the pointer to ucontext_t on the user's stack. The registers and stack must also arrange for the signal handler to return to the signal trampoline. The trampoline is then used to return to the code which was executing when the signal was delivered using the setcontext(2) system call.

For performance reasons, it is recommended that sendsig() arrange for the signal handler to be invoked directly on architectures where it is convenient to do so. In this case, the trampoline is used only for the signal return path. If it is not feasible to directly invoke the signal handler, the trampoline is also used to invoke the handler, performing any final set up that was not possible for sendsig() to perform.

sendsig() must invoke the signal trampoline with the correct ABI. The ABI of the signal trampoline is specified on a per-signal basis in the sigacts() structure for the process. Trampoline version 0 is reserved for the legacy kernel-provided, on-stack signal trampoline. All other trampoline versions indicate a specific trampoline ABI. This ABI is coordinated with machine-dependent code in the system C library.

__sigtramp_<flavor>_<version>

__sigtramp_sigcontext_1

__sigtramp_siginfo_2

SEE ALSO